Car Tax
If an employee is provided with a car by their employer, tax is payable on the cash equivalent of the of car provided.
The cash equivalent of the company car provided is calculated by taking the list price of the car, multiplied by a certain percentage, this percentage depends on the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by the car.
The list price of the car is calculated using the following formula:
£
List price when new A
Add Accessories (over £100) B
Less: Employee contribution (max £5,000) (C)
Revised List Price D
This revised list price is then multiplied by the appropriate percentage as per the table below:
| 2017/18 | 2018/19 | 2019/20 | ||||
| g/km CO2 | Petrol % | Diesel % (+3%) | Petrol % | Diesel % (+4%) | Petrol % | Diesel % (+4%) |
| 0-50 | 9 | 12 | 13 | 17 | 16 | 20 |
| 51-75 | 13 | 16 | 16 | 20 | 19 | 23 |
| 76-94 | 17 | 20 | 19 | 23 | 22 | 26 |
| 95-99 | 18 | 21 | 20 | 24 | 23 | 27 |
| 100-104 | 19 | 22 | 21 | 25 | 24 | 28 |
| 105-109 | 20 | 23 | 22 | 26 | 25 | 20 |
| 110-114 | 21 | 24 | 23 | 27 | 26 | 30 |
| 115-119 | 22 | 25 | 24 | 28 | 27 | 31 |
| 120-124 | 23 | 26 | 25 | 29 | 28 | 32 |
| 125-129 | 24 | 27 | 26 | 30 | 29 | 33 |
| 130-134 | 25 | 28 | 27 | 31 | 30 | 34 |
| 135-139 | 26 | 29 | 28 | 32 | 31 | 35 |
| 140-144 | 27 | 30 | 29 | 33 | 32 | 36 |
| 145-149 | 28 | 31 | 30 | 34 | 33 | 37 |
| 150-154 | 29 | 32 | 31 | 35 | 34 | 37 |
| 155-159 | 30 | 33 | 32 | 36 | 35 | 37 |
| 160-164 | 31 | 34 | 33 | 37 | 36 | 37 |
| 165-169 | 32 | 35 | 34 | 37 | 37 | 37 |
| 170-174 | 33 | 36 | 35 | 37 | 37 | 37 |
| 175-179 | 34 | 37 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 37 |
| 180-184 | 35 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 |
| 185-189 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 |
| 190+ | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 |
37% is currently the maximum percentage that can be applied to the list price of the company car to calculate the cash equivalent of the benefit.
From 2018/19 if diesel cars are RDE2 standard then no additional percentage will be added to percentage figure.
As you can see from the table above HMRC are increasing the relevant percentages up to 2019/20.
From 2020/21 the rules will be reformed, and percentages will be reduced for ultra-low emission cars, we will provide an update regarding these rules closer to the time of their introduction.
We have identified below the tax an employee provided with a company car throughout a full tax year could expect to pay on four different models of vehicles in the 2017/18, 2018/19 and 2019/20 tax years:
BMW i3:
– Fuel Type: Zero Emission
– Approximate market value: £34,075
– CO2 Emission Figure: Zero
| 2017/18 | 2018/19 | 2019/20 | |
| ‘Cash Value’ of company car as calculated using rules noted above |
£3,066.00 |
£4,429.00 |
£5,452.00 |
| Taxed @ 20% | £613.00 | £886.00 | £1,090.00 |
| Taxed @ 40% | £1,266.00 | £1,772.00 | £2,181.00 |
| Taxed @ 45% | £1,380.00 | £1,993.00 | £2,453.00 |
Audi A4 Saloon (1.4 TFSI)
– Fuel Type: Petrol
– Approximate market value: £29,180
– CO2 Emission Figure: 122g/km
| 2017/18 | 2018/19 | 2019/20 | |
| ‘Cash Value’ of company car as calculated using rules noted above |
£6,711.00 |
£7,295.00 |
£8,170.00
|
| Tax per year if pay at @ 20% | £1,342.00 | £1,459.00 | £1,634.00 |
| Tax per year if pay at @ 40% | £2,684.00 | £2,918.00 | £3,268.00 |
| Tax per year if pay at @ 45% | £3,019.00 | £3,282.00 | £3,676.00
|
Land Rover Discovery Sport (Pure 2.0 eD4 150hp (5 seat) 5d)
– Fuel Type: Diesel
– Approximate market value: £28,195
– CO2 Emission Figure: 123 g/km
| 2017/18 | 2018/19 | 2019/20 | |
| ‘Cash Value’ of company car as calculated using rules noted above |
£7,331.00 |
£8,176.00 |
£9,022.00 |
| Taxed @ 20% | £1,466.00 | £1,635.00 | £1,804.00 |
| Taxed @ 40% | £2,932.00 | £3,270.00 | £3,609.00 |
| Taxed @ 45% | £3,299.00 | £3,679.00 | £4,060.00 |
Volkswagen Passat (S TSI 1.4 125 PS 6 speed man)
- Fuel Type: Petrol
- Approximate market value: £22,025
- CO2 Emission Figure: 123 g/km
| 2017/18 | 2018/19 | 2019/20 | |
| ‘Cash Value’ of company car as calculated using rules noted above |
£5,065.00 |
£5,506.00 |
£6,167.00
|
| Taxed @ 20% | £1,013.00 | £1,101.00 | £1,233.00 |
| Taxed @ 40% | £2,026.00 | £2,202.00 | £2,467.00 |
| Taxed @ 45% | £2,279.00 | £2,478.00 | £2,775.00 |
Vans
There is an income tax charge for an employee or a director who is provided by their employer or company with a company van that is made available for private use.
There is no tax charge for employee or employer where private use is insignificant, or the van is only used privately for commuting in and out of work.
The tax charge is the employee’s marginal rate of tax (i.e. 20%, 40% or 45%) times the benefit for the year in question, as outlined in the table below:
| Year | 2017/18 | 2018/19 |
| Cash Benefit | £3,230.00 | £3,350.00 |
| Taxed @ 20% | £646.00 | £670.00 |
| Taxed @ 40% | £1,292.00 | £1,340.00 |
| Taxed @ 45% | £1,453.00 | £1,507.00 |
There are special rules for zero emissions vans, however these are beginning to be tapered down, the current cash benefit for low emission van’s is as below:
| Year | 2017/18 | 2018/19 |
| Cash Benefit | £646.00 | £1,340.00 |
| Taxed @ 20% | £129.00 | £268.00 |
| Taxed @ 40% | £258.00 | £536.00 |
| Taxed @ 45% | £291.00 | £603.00 |
By the 2022/23 tax year the van benefit charge for zero emission vans will be identical to regular vans.
What can be considered a ‘van’ for tax purposes?
These are the criteria that HMRC uses to classify a vehicle as a goods van:
– A vehicle primarily constructed for the conveyance of goods or burden;
– A gross vehicle weight, fully laden, not exceeding three and a half tonnes
The key term in this definition is “constructed.” In short, it is not the actual use of the vehicle, but the purpose for which it was constructed and sold that matters.
For a vehicle to class as a van there are certain structural criteria that should be met:
– The vehicle should have a significant load bay to carry goods such that the carrying of passengers can no longer be the main purpose;
– The load bay of the vehicle must not have windows
Double Cab pickups will qualify as a van if its cargo capacity/payload is over 1 tonne. A payload means the vehicle’s gross vehicle weight less its unoccupied kerb weight.
We have listed some of the Double Cab pickups that may qualify as a van within the above definition below:
– Volkswagen Amarok
– Nissan Navara
– Ford Ranger
– Isuzu D-Max
– Mitsubishi L200
Provision of Fuel for Employees
Employees will be taxed on fuel provided by their employers for private use. The employee will be taxed on the cash equivalent of the benefit each tax year. The fuel benefit is fixed each year, according to the table below.
| Tax Year | Fixed Figure |
| 2017/18 | £22,600.00 |
| 2018/19 | £23,400.00 |
The fuel benefit charge is calculated by taking the appropriate percentage, as worked out for car benefit purposes and multiplying by the fixed figure. The tax amount is then calculated by applying the individuals marginal rate of tax to the fuel benefit charge amount.
For example, if an employee was provided with fuel for private use for a Volkswagen Passat (as above) company car the tax would be as follows:
| Tax Year | Fixed Figure | Relevant % | Taxable Amount | 20% | 40% | 45% |
| 2017/18 | £22,600.00 | 23% | £5,198.00 | £1,040.00 | £2,079.00 | £2,339.00 |
| 2018/19 | £23,400.00 | 25% | £6,552.00 | £1,310.00 | £2,621.00 | £2,948.00 |
In the Autumn Budget 2017, the Chancellor announced that from 6 April 2018 no benefit in kind will arise where fuel is provided for an electric car.
Where an employee is provided with fuel for a van for private use the benefit charge is a flat rate each tax year as below:
| Tax Year | Fixed Figure |
| 2017/18 | £610.00 |
| Taxed @ 20% | £122.00 |
| Taxed @ 40% | £244.00 |
| Taxed @ 45% | £274.00 |
| Tax Year | Fixed Figure |
| 2018/19 | £633.00 |
| Taxed @ 20% | £127.00 |
| Taxed @ 40% | £253.00 |
| Taxed @ 45% | £285.00 |
If you would like any assistance or have any questions regarding any of the topics discussed above please do not hesitate to contact Amy Armitage (amy@hbaccountants.co.uk) or any other member of the HB Accountants team on 01992 444466.
(please note figures have been rounded to the nearest pound)
